mineral

Chrysocolla in Matrix

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Silicate/Secondary Copper Mineral)

Hardness: 2.5–7.0 (variable with silica content); Color: Cyan-blue, green; Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Amorphous/Monoclinic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.0–2.4.

Hardness: 2
Color: Cyan-blue, green
Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy

Identified April 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 2.5–7.0 (variable with silica content); Color: Cyan-blue, green; Luster: Vitreous to dull/earthy; Crystal Structure: Amorphous/Monoclinic; Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.0–2.4.

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies. It occurs from the leaching of primary copper minerals by silica-rich water. It is found in arid regions and can be of various geological ages depending on the deposit.

Uses & applications

Used as a major source of copper ore; also used for lapidary work, decorative cabochons, and as a popular collector specimen for its vibrant colors.

Geological facts

Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise but it is softer and often more blue-green. It was named by Theophrastus in 315 BCE from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referring to its use as a flux for soldering gold.

Field identification & locations

Look for distinctive vibrant blue-green staining on host rock (often quartz or limonite). It will often stick to your tongue due to its porous nature and hydrophilicity. Found in mining districts in Arizona (USA), Chile, and the DRC.

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