mineral

Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Clear to white; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Clear to white
Luster: Vitreous/glassy

Identified June 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Clear to white; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Quartz forms by crystallization from molten magma or hydrothermal precipitation in veins. It is found in igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary environments across all geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used in glass manufacturing, electronics (piezoelectric crystals), construction (sand/aggregate), and as a gemstone in jewelry.

Geological facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is chemically very stable and resistant to weathering, which is why it is the primary component of beach sand.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (scratches glass), glassy luster, and lack of cleavage. It is found globally in varied terrains like riverbeds, mountains, and beaches.