mineral

Malachite

Malachite (Cu2CO3(OH)2)

Hardness: 3.5-4.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright green, dark green, blackish green often banded; Luster: Adamantine to vitreous or silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Specific Gravity: 3.6-4.0.

Hardness: 3
Color: Bright green, dark green, blackish green often banded
Luster: Adamantine to vitreous or silky

Identified May 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3.5-4.0 on Mohs scale; Color: Bright green, dark green, blackish green often banded; Luster: Adamantine to vitreous or silky; Crystal structure: Monoclinic; Specific Gravity: 3.6-4.0.

Formation & geological history

Formed by the weathering of copper ores in the oxidation zone of copper deposits; often occurs as botryoidal, fibrous, or stalactitic masses. Found in hydrothermal veins and carbonate rocks.

Uses & applications

Used as a minor ore of copper, as a decorative gemstone for jewelry, in carvings, and historically as a green pigment in paints.

Geological facts

The name is derived from the Greek word 'moloche', meaning mallow, in reference to its leaf-green color. It was once used as an eye paint in ancient Egypt and was heavily mined in the Ural Mountains of Russia for royal decor.

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its distinct green color, characteristic banding (bullseye patterns), and effervescence in cold dilute hydrochloric acid. Common locations include the DRC, Russia, Namibia, and Arizona, USA.