metamorphic
Quartzite (specifically a river-worn pebble)
Quartzite (primarily SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brownish-orange due to iron staining; Luster: Vitreous/waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.7
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Tan, brownish-orange due to iron staining
- Luster
- Vitreous/waxy
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Tan, brownish-orange due to iron staining; Luster: Vitreous/waxy; Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.6-2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz sandstone under high heat and pressure. This specific specimen has been further shaped and polished by fluvial (river) or coastal water action.
Uses & applications
Used as aggregate in construction, as decorative stone in landscaping, and sometimes for high-silica industrial applications.
Geological facts
Quartzite is one of the most durable and weather-resistant rocks on Earth's surface. In many places, it forms the caps of mountains because it resists erosion better than the surrounding rock.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its ability to scratch glass easily and its lack of reaction to acid. Commonly found in riverbeds, glacial tills, and ancient metasedimentary belts.
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