mineral

Rhodochrosite with Pyrite and Quartz

Manganese Carbonate (MnCO3)

Hardness: 3.5-4.0; Color: Rosy pink to red; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Rhombohedral; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific Gravity: 3.4-3.7. Often occurs with visible brassy metallic Pyrite (FeS2) and clear Quartz (SiO2).

Hardness: 3
Color: Rosy pink to red
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified April 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins associated with silver, copper, and lead deposits. It precipitates from manganese-rich hydrothermal fluids as they cool. Most significant deposits are typically Mesozoic to Cenozoic in age.

Uses & applications

Primary use is as an ornamental stone and gemstone for jewelry. It is also a minor ore of manganese. High-quality specimens are highly prized by mineral collectors.

Geological facts

Known as the 'Inca Rose' (Rosa del Inca) by the Incas, who believed it was the solidified blood of their former kings. It is the official state mineral of Colorado, USA, home to the famous Sweet Home Mine.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct pink color, rhombohedral cleavage, and reaction to warm dilute hydrochloric acid (effervescence). Commonly found in Argentina, Peru, South Africa, and the USA (Colorado).

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