mineral

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale. Color: Highly variable, commonly green, purple, yellow, and clear. Luster: Vitreous. Crystal structure: Cubic or Octahedral. Cleavage: Perfect octahedral in four directions. Specific gravity: 3.1-3.3.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Highly variable, commonly green, purple, yellow, and clear
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 7, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Commonly forms as a late-stage mineral in hydrothermal veins, typically as a gangue mineral with metallic ores. It can form in various temperatures and across different geological ages.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux in steel making, in the manufacture of opalescent glass, and as a source of fluorine for hydrofluoric acid. Also popular for carved ornaments and jewelry, though its softness limits use.

Geological facts

Fluorite was the first mineral for which fluorescence was described (and named after). Under UV light, many specimens glow intensely. The variety shown carved here is frequently traded in the metaphysical community.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic cubic crystals and its softness (it can be scratched by a steel knife but not a copper penny). Look for it in mineral veins and near limestone deposits. It often fluoresces under blacklight.