metamorphic
Greenschist
Greenschist (containing Chlorite, Epidote, and Actinolite)
Hardness: 3.5-4.5 (Mohs); Color: Pale to dark green; Luster: Dull to silky; Crystal structure: Foliated (schistose); Cleavage: Perfect in one direction due to micaceous minerals; Specific Gravity: 2.8-3.0
- Hardness
- 3
- Color
- Pale to dark green
- Luster
- Dull to silky
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5-4.5 (Mohs); Color: Pale to dark green; Luster: Dull to silky; Crystal structure: Foliated (schistose); Cleavage: Perfect in one direction due to micaceous minerals; Specific Gravity: 2.8-3.0
Formation & geological history
Formed through low-temperature, moderate-pressure regional metamorphism of mafic igneous rocks (like basalt). Usually occurs in orogenic belts where tectonic plates collide.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as decorative stone, in garden landscaping, and occasionally as a minor building material or for carving due to its relative softness compared to granite.
Geological facts
The 'green' in greenschist comes from the presence of chlorite, actinolite, and epidote minerals. It represents the 'greenschist facies' in metamorphic grade classification.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic green hue and foliated, somewhat flaky texture. Found in mountain ranges like the Alps, Appalachians, and the Scottish Highlands.
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