mineral

Amethyst (Raw Quartz)

Amethyst (Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities, SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale lilac to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Pale lilac to deep purple
Luster: Vitreous (glass-like)

Identified May 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Pale lilac to deep purple; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings inside volcanic geodes. Its purple color comes from irradiation of iron impurities within the quartz crystal lattice. It can form in various geological ages ranging from millions to billions of years ago.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used in jewelry, gemstone collecting, and interior decoration. It is also used as an abrasive in some industrial applications and is the February birthstone.

Geological facts

Amethyst was once as valuable as diamond or ruby until large deposits were found in Brazil in the 19th century. The name comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its distinctive purple color and lack of cleavage (it breaks into curved, shell-like surfaces). Found commonly in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Collectors look for deep saturation of color and clarity.

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