metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3) or Dolomite (CaMg(CO3)2)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white to gray, often with distinct veins; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: trigonal (granular/massive); Cleavage: perfect in three directions (mineral level); Specific gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically white to gray, often with distinct veins
- Luster
- vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white to gray, often with distinct veins; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: trigonal (granular/massive); Cleavage: perfect in three directions (mineral level); Specific gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks, specifically limestone or dolostone. Subjected to high heat and pressure, causing recrystallization of mineral grains into an interlocking mosaic.
Uses & applications
Widely used in construction for countertops, flooring, and tiles; used in sculpting and monuments; crushed for use in agricultural lime, pharmaceuticals (antacids), and as a filler in paper and plastics.
Geological facts
The 'veins' seen in this specimen are often minerals like calcite or quartz that filled fractures in the rock. Pure white marble is the result of metamorphosing very pure limestone. The Taj Mahal and the Parthenon are famous historical structures built from marble.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its softness (it can be scratched by a steel knife) and its effervescence (bubbling) when in contact with dilute hydrochloric acid. Commonly found in mountainous regions where tectonic plates have collided.
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