mineral

Citrine (Heat-treated or Natural Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Yellow to amber-brown; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Yellow to amber-brown
Luster: Vitreous

Identified April 4, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Yellow to amber-brown; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks, particularly pegmatites. Most commercial citrine is created by heat-treating purple amethyst or smoky quartz to alter its oxidation state.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry as a gemstone, decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors and metaphysical practitioners.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare compared to amethyst. It is known as the 'Success Stone' or 'Merchant's Stone' in various cultures, believed to bring prosperity.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its hardness (scratches glass) and lack of cleavage. In the field, look for hexagonal crystal habits in hydrothermal veins. Natural citrine usually has a uniform color, while heat-treated versions often show concentrated color at the tips.

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