Quartz

Physical Properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Clear to milky white (as shown); Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65.

Formation & Geological History

Forms in a wide variety of environments, primarily through the cooling of silica-rich magma or from hydrothermal veins. It is found across all geological ages and is a major component of igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks.

Uses & Applications

Used extensively in glass manufacturing, electronics (due to piezoelectric properties), construction as an abrasive, and in jewelry as a semi-precious gemstone.

Geological Facts

Quartz is the second most abundant mineral in Earth's continental crust. It is highly resistant to both chemical and physical weathering.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (will scratch glass), lack of cleavage, and vitreous luster. It is common in riverbeds, mountains, and sandy environments globally.

Identified on: 5/11/2026

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