mineral
Amethyst (Raw Chunk)
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide - SiO2 with trace Iron impurities)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, to lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple, violet, to lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, to lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings in volcanic geodes (vugs) when silica-rich water cools. The purple color is caused by irradiation of iron impurities within the quartz lattice. Can range from Cenozoic to Precambrian ages.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry (faceting and cabochons), ornamental carvings, and as a popular specimen for crystal collectors and metaphysical use.
Geological facts
Amethyst is the birthstone for February. The name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', due to a belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its characteristic purple hue, hexagonal crystal habit (if points are present), and inability to be scratched by a steel blade. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and various locations across North America.
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