mineral
Amethyst
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) containing iron impurities and irradiation
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple to violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple to violet
- Luster
- Vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple to violet; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Hexagonal/Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Forms in hydrothermal veins and basaltic geodes through the cooling of silica-rich solutions in the presence of trace iron and natural radiation. Found in igneous and metamorphic environments.
Uses & applications
Widely used for jewelry, as a decorative gemstone, and a popular collector specimen.
Geological facts
Amethyst was considered a Precious Stone (similar to Ruby or Emerald) until large deposits were found in Brazil. Its name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated'.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its purple hue and hexagonal crystal shape. Common locations include Brazil, Uruguay, South Korea, and Zambia. Collectors should look for deep, even color and transparency.
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