mineral
Amethyst
Quartz (Silicon Dioxide with Iron impurities, SiO2)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple, violet, or lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous (glass-like)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).
Formation & geological history
Forms inside volcanic rocks (geodes) through hydrothermal activity where silica-rich water cools and crystallizes. The purple color comes from irradiation and iron impurities in the crystal lattice.
Uses & applications
Widely used for jewelry, decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for gemstone collectors and metaphysical enthusiasts.
Geological facts
Amethyst was considered a Cardinal Gem until the 18th century, ranking alongside diamond and ruby in value until large deposits were found in Brazil. Its name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated'.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its distinctive purple color and hexagonal crystal system. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and Africa. Collectors should look for deep uniform color and clarity.
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