mineral
Amethyst
Silicon dioxide with iron impurities (SiO2 + Fe3+)
Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
- Hardness
- 7 on the Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple, violet, or lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on the Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific Gravity: 2.65
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and geodes when silica-rich water cools in cavities of igneous rocks, such as basalt. The purple color is caused by natural irradiation of trace iron impurities within the quartz crystal lattice.
Uses & applications
Highly valued as a gemstone for jewelry (necklaces, rings, earrings), decorative carvings, and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors and metaphysical practitioners.
Geological facts
The word 'amethyst' comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not drunken', as ancient Greeks believed it could prevent intoxication. It is the birthstone for February and was once considered as valuable as diamonds until large deposits were found in Brazil.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its purple color and typical hexagonal prism crystal habit. Common locations include Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. This specific specimen has been shaped/polished into an obelisk point and wire-wrapped for use as a pendant.
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