mineral
Amethyst
Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65.
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Purple, violet, or lavender
- Luster
- Vitreous (glass-like)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glass-like); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65.
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins and cavities (geodes) within igneous or metamorphic rocks when silica-rich water deposits it over time. The purple color comes from iron irradiation during formation.
Uses & applications
Widely used in jewelry (rings, necklaces), spiritual practices, crystal healing, and as a popular collectible for mineral enthusiasts.
Geological facts
Amethyst is the February birthstone. Its name comes from the Greek word 'amethystos', meaning 'not drunken', as ancient Greeks believed the stone protected its owner from intoxication.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its purple hue, 6-sided crystal habit, and its ability to scratch glass. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Look for hexagonal terminations in vugs or veins.
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