igneous
Apache Tear
Obsidian (Volcanic Glass), formula: 70–75% SiO2 plus MgO, Fe3O4
Hardness: 5–5.5 Mohs; Color: Dark brown to black, translucent when held to light; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.35–2.6
- Hardness
- 5–5
- Color
- Dark brown to black, translucent when held to light
- Luster
- Vitreous (glassy)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 5–5.5 Mohs; Color: Dark brown to black, translucent when held to light; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal structure: Amorphous; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.35–2.6
Formation & geological history
Formed from rhyolitic lava that cools rapidly, preventing crystal growth. They occur as rounded nodules within a perlite matrix, typically from the Tertiary or Quaternary geological periods.
Uses & applications
Used primarily in lapidary work for jewelry (beads, pendants), as pocket stones, and in metaphysical collections.
Geological facts
Legend says the stones were formed from the tears of family members of Apache warriors who leaped from a cliff to avoid capture by the US Cavalry in the 1870s. Geologically, they are remnants of obsidian flows that have weathered within a perlite bed.
Field identification & locations
Identify by holding them up to a strong light source; they will appear smoky and translucent despite looking black on the surface. Commonly found in Arizona (Superior/Picketpost Mountain) and New Mexico. Collectors look for smooth, rounded shapes without heavy cracking.
