mineral

Chalcopyrite ore

Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2)

Hardness: 3.5-4 (Mohs scale), Color: Brass yellow to golden with green/red oxidation, Luster: Metallic, Crystal structure: Tetragonal, Cleavage: Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 4.1 to 4.3

Hardness: 3

Identified June 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 3.5-4 (Mohs scale), Color: Brass yellow to golden with green/red oxidation, Luster: Metallic, Crystal structure: Tetragonal, Cleavage: Indistinct, Specific Gravity: 4.1 to 4.3

Formation & geological history

Formed in primary hydrothermal veins and as a primary mineral in igneous rocks. Often found in porphyry copper deposits and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. It forms under high temperatures in sulfur-rich environments.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of copper; used for manufacturing electrical wire, plumbing, and electronics. Specimen collecting and occasionally used as an ornamental stone.

Geological facts

Chalcopyrite is often called 'Fool's gold' because of its golden color, though it is softer and more greenish than pyrite. It is the most important mineral source of copper globally.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its golden metallic luster and brassy yellow color which can tarnish to iridescent 'peacock' colors. It is softer than pyrite and can be scratched with a knife, leaving a greenish-black streak. Found in major mining districts like those in Chile, Arizona, and Cornwall.