metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale (can be scratched by a copper coin); Color: White to off-white; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in individual crystals; Specific gravity: 2.7.
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale (can be scratched by a copper coin)
- Color
- White to off-white
- Luster
- Vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale (can be scratched by a copper coin); Color: White to off-white; Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral in individual crystals; Specific gravity: 2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks, typically limestone or dolostone. This intense heat and pressure cause the original carbonate mineral grains to recrystallize into a dense interlocking mosaic.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction for flooring and countertops, sculpture, architecture, and as an industrial filler in paints and paper.
Geological facts
Pure white marble is the result of the metamorphism of a very pure (silicate-poor) limestone. Many of the most famous statues in history, such as Michelangelo's David, are carved from Carrara marble.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its softness (it can be scratched by a knife or coin) and its reaction to dilute hydrochloric acid (it will fizz or effervesce). It is common in mountain-building regions globally.
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