metamorphic
Chrysanthemum Stone
Celestine (SrSO4) or Calcite (CaCO3) in Limestone/Porphyry matrix
Hardness: 3-4 (crystals) and 5-6 (matrix). Color: White to cream-colored petals on a black or dark gray background. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Orthorhombic or Trigonal radial patterns. Cleavage: Perfect in certain directions. Specific Gravity: 2.7-3.9.
- Hardness
- 3-4 (crystals) and 5-6 (matrix)
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3-4 (crystals) and 5-6 (matrix). Color: White to cream-colored petals on a black or dark gray background. Luster: Vitreous to dull. Crystal structure: Orthorhombic or Trigonal radial patterns. Cleavage: Perfect in certain directions. Specific Gravity: 2.7-3.9.
Formation & geological history
Formed through geological transformation of seabed organic matter into crystals over 200-250 million years ago (Permian period) via hydrothermal or metamorphic processes that create radial pressure patterns.
Uses & applications
Primarily used for decorative carvings, ornamental stones, and high-end collector specimens. In some cultures, it is used as a 'stone of luck'.
Geological facts
The stone is named for its uncanny resemblance to the chrysanthemum flower. While the petals are usually Celestine or Calcite, the dark matrix is often a carbonaceous siltstone or limestone. It was famously discovered in the Xuan'en County of China.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its unique radial 'floral' pattern against a contrasting dark background. Most common in the Hubei and Hunan provinces of China and parts of Japan. Collectors look for high contrast and intact 'petals' that meet at a distinct center point.
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