mineral

Fluorite (translucent octahedral crystal)

Calcium fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Colorless to white/translucent; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Isometric-hexoctahedral (often appearing as octahedrons due to cleavage); Cleavage: Perfect octahedral in four directions; Specific Gravity: 3.18.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Colorless to white/translucent
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified March 12, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in hydrothermal veins, often as a gangue mineral associated with metallic ores. It can also occur in granites, pegmatites, and some sedimentary rocks like limestone. Deposits can range from Precambrian to Cenozoic in age.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux in steel making, in the manufacture of hydrofluoric acid, and high-clarity lenses for telescopes and cameras. Often used as decorative semi-precious stones or for carving.

Geological facts

Fluorite is the origin of the term 'fluorescence,' as many specimens glow under ultraviolet light. It is often referred to as 'the most colorful mineral in the world.'

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its distinct four directions of cleavage forming octahedral shapes, its hardness (it can be scratched by a knife but not a copper penny), and its vitreous luster. Found globally with major deposits in China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA (Illinois).

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