metamorphic
Unakite
Epidotized Granite
Hardness: 6.0 to 7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Mottled green (epidote) and pink/orange (orthoclase feldspar); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Monoclinic/Triclinic mixture; Cleavage: Generally poor/irregular due to rock structure; Specific gravity: 2.85 to 3.20.
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0 to 7.0 (Mohs scale); Color: Mottled green (epidote) and pink/orange (orthoclase feldspar); Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Monoclinic/Triclinic mixture; Cleavage: Generally poor/irregular due to rock structure; Specific gravity: 2.85 to 3.20.
Formation & geological history
Forms through the hydrothermal metamorphism of granite, where plagioclase feldspar is replaced by epidote. It is commonly found in Proterozoic-aged geological formations, often discovered as river pebbles or in mountainous outcrops.
Uses & applications
Primarily used as a semi-precious gemstone for jewelry (cabochons and beads), decorative carvings, architectural facing stone, and in lapidary work due to its ability to take a high polish.
Geological facts
It was first discovered in the Unaka Range of North Carolina, USA, from which it derives its name. It is unique because it is a rock that is considered a gemstone despite being composed of multiple distinct minerals.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its distinct 'pistachio green' and 'salmon pink' mottled appearance. It is commonly found in the Blue Ridge Mountains of the USA, as well as South Africa, Brazil, and China. Collectors should look for balanced ratios of green to pink for the highest aesthetic appeal.
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