mineral

Amethyst

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with Fe3+ impurities

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Pale to deep purple, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture, Specific Gravity: 2.65

Identified June 22, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale), Color: Pale to deep purple, Luster: Vitreous (glassy), Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal, Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture, Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings in geodes. The purple color is caused by natural irradiation of iron impurities within quartz crystals. Often found in volcanic basalt cavities.

Uses & applications

Used primarily in jewelry as a semi-precious gemstone, in decorative crystal displays, and widely collected by mineral enthusiasts.

Geological facts

Amethyst is the birthstone for February. Its name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', as it was believed to prevent drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic six-sided crystals and purple hue. Found globally, with massive deposits in Brazil, Uruguay, and Zambia. Collectors look for deep saturation and clarity.

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral