mineral

Amethyst (Rough Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Pale lavender to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 Mohs scale
Color: Pale lavender to deep violet
Luster: Vitreous/glassy

Identified May 27, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 Mohs scale; Color: Pale lavender to deep violet; Luster: Vitreous/glassy; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings inside volcanic geodes. The purple hue is caused by irradiation, iron impurities, and the presence of trace elements during its crystallization over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry making, lapidary arts, decorative home decor, and as a popular specimen for mineral collectors and metaphysical practitioners.

Geological facts

Amethyst was considered a 'Cardinal Gem' until the 18th century, ranked alongside diamonds and rubies in value until large deposits were found in Brazil. The name comes from the Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated'.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic purple color and lack of cleavage (it breaks with curved, glass-like surfaces). Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, and parts of the United States like Arizona and North Carolina.

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