metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite Rock (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white, gray, or blue-gray; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal (as calcite); Cleavage: rhombohedral in individual crystals; Specific Gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically white, gray, or blue-gray
- Luster
- vitreous to pearly
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white, gray, or blue-gray; Luster: vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Trigonal (as calcite); Cleavage: rhombohedral in individual crystals; Specific Gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of limestone or dolostone. High heat and pressure cause the original carbonate mineral grains to recrystallize into an interlocking mosaic of calcite or dolomite crystals.
Uses & applications
Extensively used in construction, sculpture, flooring, and as a source of calcium carbonate for industrial chemical processes. High-purity white marble is used as a filler in paper and plastics.
Geological facts
The word 'marble' derives from the Greek word 'marmaros,' meaning 'shining stone.' Famous white marbles like Carrara marble were used by Renaissance masters such as Michelangelo.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its softness (can be scratched by a copper coin or steel knife) and its strong effervescent reaction (fizzing) when a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid is applied. Commonly found in mountainous regions or stable tectonic shields.
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