mineral

Peridot

Olivine ((Mg, Fe)2SiO4)

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Lime to olive green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.2-3.4

Hardness: 6
Color: Lime to olive green
Luster: Vitreous

Identified June 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 Mohs; Color: Lime to olive green; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic; Cleavage: Poor; Specific Gravity: 3.2-3.4

Formation & geological history

Formed deep within the Earth's mantle and brought to the surface by volcanic activity or found within palladium meteorites (pallasites). Some specimens originate from the Early Cenozoic to recent volcanic flows.

Uses & applications

Primary use as a gemstone in jewelry (birthstone for August). Also used as a minor industrial abrasive when found as sand-grade olivine.

Geological facts

Peridot is one of the few gemstones that occurs in only one color: green. Its name is derived from the Arabic word 'faridat,' meaning gem. Significant amounts have been found in pallasite meteorites from outer space.

Field identification & locations

Identify by the distinct yellowish-green color and high birefringence causing double refraction. Common locations include Arizona (USA), Pakistan, Myanmar, and Zabargad Island (Egypt).