metamorphic
White Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: Pure white to off-white; Luster: Waxy to vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal/hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Pure white to off-white
- Luster
- Waxy to vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: Pure white to off-white; Luster: Waxy to vitreous; Crystal structure: Trigonal/hexagonal; Cleavage: Perfect rhombohedral; Specific gravity: 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of sedimentary carbonate rocks (limestone or dolostone) under high heat and pressure, causing recrystallization of carbonate minerals.
Uses & applications
Used widely in sculpture (due to its relative softness), construction (tiles, countertops), religious ornaments, and decorative jewelry.
Geological facts
Marble has a low refractive index, allowing light to penetrate several millimeters into the stone before being scattered out, which gives it a characteristic 'waxy' look often compared to human skin in sculptures.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its softness (can be scratched by a copper coin) and its effervescence (bubbling) when in contact with dilute hydrochloric acid. Commonly found in Italy (Carrara), Greece, and various mountain ranges globally.
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