sedimentary

Brown Jasper

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron oxide inclusions

AI-generated identification · may be incorrect

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Earthy brown to reddish-brown; Luster: Waxy to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Hardness: 6
Color: Earthy brown to reddish-brown
Luster: Waxy to dull

Identified July 19, 2026More sedimentary →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 6.5-7 (Mohs scale); Color: Earthy brown to reddish-brown; Luster: Waxy to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal/Microcrystalline; Cleavage: None/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.58-2.91

Formation & geological history

Formed when silica-rich fluids permeate porous sedimentary rocks or volcanic ash, with the brown color resulting from high concentrations of iron oxides (goethite or hematite). Often found as stream-rounded pebbles or nodules.

Uses & applications

Commonly used as a lapidary material for cabochons, beads, and decorative carvings. Historically used for making stone tools due to its conchoidal fracturing.

Geological facts

Jasper is an opaque variety of chalcedony. The name comes from the Greek word 'iaspis', meaning 'spotted stone'. Brown jasper is sometimes referred to as 'Egyptian Jasper' or 'Mud Jasper'.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its opacity (will not let light through even at edges), waxy appearance when wet, and inability to be scratched by a steel knife. Found globally in riverbeds and mountainous regions.