metamorphic
Brown Quartzite Pebble
Quartzite (SiO2)
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brownish-tan due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (smooth from tumbling); Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.6 - 2.7.
- Hardness
- 7 (Mohs scale)
- Color
- Brownish-tan due to iron oxide staining
- Luster
- Vitreous to waxy (smooth from tumbling)
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale); Color: Brownish-tan due to iron oxide staining; Luster: Vitreous to waxy (smooth from tumbling); Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.6 - 2.7.
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz sandstone under high heat and pressure. This specific specimen has been further shaped by fluvial erosion in a river or stream bed, resulting in its rounded, cobble-like appearance.
Uses & applications
Quartzite is used heavily in the construction industry as crushed stone and railroad ballast. Smooth pebbles like this are popular in landscaping, aquarium decor, and as pocket stones.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so durable that it often outlasts the surrounding softer rocks, leading to its accumulation in river beds. It is often confused with quartz, but its granular, sandstone-inherited texture distinguishes it.
Field identification & locations
Identify in the field by its hardness (will easily scratch glass) and its sugary, granular surface texture when broken. Common globally, particularly in old mountain ranges and glacial deposits.
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