metamorphic
Nephrite Jade
Ca2(Mg, Fe)5Si8O22(OH)2
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Sage green to dark olive green, Luster: Waxy to vitreous, Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibrous crystals, Specific Gravity: 2.90-3.03
- Hardness
- 6
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.0-6.5 (Mohs scale), Color: Sage green to dark olive green, Luster: Waxy to vitreous, Structure: Interlocking microcrystalline fibrous crystals, Specific Gravity: 2.90-3.03
Formation & geological history
Formed through contact metamorphism involving magnesium-rich carbonate rocks and silicic igneous rocks, usually in subduction zones. Can be found in geological ages ranging from the Precambrian to Cenozoic.
Uses & applications
Extensively used for ornamental carvings, jewelry (pendants, bangles), and historically for tool making due to its extreme toughness.
Geological facts
Nephrite is significantly tougher than steel because of its interlocking felted fibrous structure. It was highly prized in ancient China and by the Maori of New Zealand.
Field identification & locations
Identified by its oily/waxy luster and extreme resistance to breaking. Commonly found in British Columbia, New Zealand, Russia, and Wyoming. Unlike jadeite, nephrite is generally more opaque and darker green.
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