metamorphic
Marble
Recrystallized Calcite (CaCO3)
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white to light grey; Luster: sugary or vitreous; Crystal structure: trigonal (recrystallized grains); Cleavage: rhombohedral in individual crystals; Specific gravity: approx 2.7
- Hardness
- 3 on Mohs scale
- Color
- typically white to light grey
- Luster
- sugary or vitreous
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3 on Mohs scale; Color: typically white to light grey; Luster: sugary or vitreous; Crystal structure: trigonal (recrystallized grains); Cleavage: rhombohedral in individual crystals; Specific gravity: approx 2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the regional or contact metamorphism of limestone or dolostone. High heat and pressure cause the original carbonate mineral grains to recrystallize into a dense interlocking mosaic.
Uses & applications
Used widely in construction as building stone, floor tiles, and countertops. Also used in sculpture, as an agricultural soil treatment, and as a whitener/filler in paper and toothpaste.
Geological facts
Pure white marble is the result of metamorphism of very pure limestone. The presence of impurities like clay or iron oxides creates the colorful 'veins' found in decorative varieties.
Field identification & locations
Identified in the field by its sugary texture and its strong reaction (effervescence) when exposed to a drop of dilute hydrochloric acid. Found in mountain ranges and metamorphic belts globally.
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