Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: honey yellow to orange-brown; Luster: Resinous; Crystal system: Amorphous; Density: 1.05-1.10 g/cm3 (can float in saltwater)

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the fossilization of resin from ancient coniferous trees, primarily during the Cretaceous to Tertiary periods (approx. 30-100 million years ago). It occurs as secondary deposits in sedimentary rocks.

Uses & Applications

Primarily used in jewelry, decorative arts, and as a source for understanding prehistoric ecosystems via inclusions (insects, plants).

Geological Facts

Amber is not a stone but fossilized tree resin. Some specimens contain perfectly preserved prehistoric life forms millions of years old. Baltic amber is the most famous variety and contains succinic acid.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify by its warmth to the touch (unlike cold stone) and its ability to float in saturated saltwater. Commonly found in the Baltic Sea region, Dominican Republic, and Myanmar.

Identified on: 4/22/2026

Mode: Standard