Sandstone (Quartzose)

Physical Properties

Hardness: 6-7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, beige, or off-white; Luster: Dull to earthy; Crystal structure: Granular/fragmental; Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.2-2.8; Texture: Gritty like sandpaper.

Formation & Geological History

Formed through the accumulation and lithification of sand-sized mineral grains, typically quartz, in high-energy environments like rivers, beaches, or deserts. This specific specimen shows signs of water-worn weathering, suggesting it was once in a riverbed or coastal area.

Uses & Applications

Used widely in the construction industry as building stone, pavers, and crushed aggregate. High-purity quartz sandstone is used in glass manufacturing.

Geological Facts

Sandstone makes up about 20-25% of all sedimentary rocks on Earth. The iconic red rocks of the Grand Canyon and Zion National Park are famous examples of sandstone formations.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its gritty texture (feels like sandpaper) and visible sand grains. It is extremely common globally. Collectors should look for unique weathering patterns or color bands.

Identified on: 5/12/2026

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