mineral

Chrysocolla

Chrysocolla (Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O)

Hardness: 2.5-3.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Cyan, blue-green, or sky blue, often with brown/black matrix; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Orthorhombic (usually massive); Cleavage: None; Specific gravity: 2.0-2.4.

Hardness: 2
Color: Cyan, blue-green, or sky blue, often with brown/black matrix
Luster: Vitreous to dull

Identified June 27, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies. It is a secondary mineral that precipitates from silica-rich waters reacting with copper minerals like malachite or azurite.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as a minor ore of copper, as a gemstone for jewelry (cabochons), and as highly sought-after mineral specimens for collectors.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Greek words 'chrysos' (gold) and 'kolla' (glue), referring to its ancient use as a flux for soldering gold. It is often confused with turquoise but is generally softer and has a higher water content.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic blue-green color and lack of crystal faces (usually amorphous/massive). It often adheres slightly to the tongue due to its porous nature. Commonly found in Arizona (USA), Chile, and the DRC.

Other mineral specimens

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral