mineral
Chalcopyrite (Peacock Ore)
Chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) with Bornite (Cu5FeS4) oxidation
Hardness: 3.5-4.0; Color: Brass yellow, often with iridescent purple, blue, and gold tarnish; Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Tetragonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 4.1-4.3
- Hardness
- 3
- Luster
- Metallic
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Physical properties
Hardness: 3.5-4.0; Color: Brass yellow, often with iridescent purple, blue, and gold tarnish; Luster: Metallic; Crystal system: Tetragonal; Cleavage: Poor/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 4.1-4.3
Formation & geological history
Formed in hydrothermal veins, contact metamorphic deposits, and as a primary mineral in igneous rocks. The iridescent 'Peacock Ore' appearance is often a result of natural oxidation or an acid-wash treatment of Bornite or Chalcopyrite.
Uses & applications
The primary ore of copper. Specimens with high iridescence are popular for mineral collecting and metaphysical uses.
Geological facts
While naturally iridescent Bornite exists, most vibrant 'Peacock Ore' sold in shops is actually Chalcopyrite that has been treated with acid to enhance the colorful oxidation layer.
Field identification & locations
Can be identified by its brassy color (if fresh), metallic luster, and its ability to be scratched by a knife (unlike pyrite). Commonly found in copper mines worldwide, notably in Mexico, USA, and Chile.
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