mineral

Hematite (Oolitic or Earthy variety)

Iron(III) oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to dark gray; Luster: Dull to metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5-6
Color: Reddish-brown to dark gray
Luster: Dull to metallic

Identified March 1, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5-6.5 on Mohs scale; Color: Reddish-brown to dark gray; Luster: Dull to metallic; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed primarily in sedimentary environments through the precipitation of iron-rich minerals in shallow marine waters, often dating back to the Precambrian and Paleozoic eras.

Uses & applications

Primary ore for iron and steel production; also used as a pigment (ochre), in radiation shielding, and for jewelry/beads when polished.

Geological facts

Hematite gets its name from the Greek word 'haima' meaning blood, due to the red color it exhibits when powdered or scratched. It is responsible for the red color of many rocks and soils globally.

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its distinct reddish-brown streak on a ceramic plate. Commonly found in banded iron formations (BIFs) in locations like the Lake Superior region, Brazil, and Australia.

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