mineral

Fluorite

Calcium Fluoride (CaF2)

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Green, purple, and clear banding; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.175 to 3.184.

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale
Color: Green, purple, and clear banding
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 10, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 4 on Mohs scale; Color: Green, purple, and clear banding; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal structure: Cubic; Cleavage: Perfect octahedral; Specific Gravity: 3.175 to 3.184.

Formation & geological history

Commonly forms in hydrothermal veins, often occurring with metallic ores like lead and silver. It can also be found in the cavities of sedimentary rocks like limestone. It has been forming throughout various geological periods from the Precambrian to the Cenozoic.

Uses & applications

Used as a flux in steel making, in the production of hydrofluoric acid, high-clarity camera lenses, and widely carved into decorative objects like this candle holder or used in jewelry.

Geological facts

Fluorite is known as 'the most colorful mineral in the world' due to its wide range of hues. Many specimens exhibit fluorescence under ultraviolet light, a phenomenon named after the mineral itself.

Field identification & locations

Identified by its octahedral cleavage, relative softness (can be scratched by a knife but not a penny), and vibrant color banding. Found globally in locations like China, Mexico, South Africa, and the USA (Illinois/Kentucky).