mineral

Emerald in Matrix

Beryllium Aluminum Silicate (Be3Al2Si6O18) with Chromium/Vanadium impurities

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale), Color: Vivid green to dark green with inclusions, Luster: Vitreous (glass-like), Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Poor, Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Hardness: 7

Identified April 24, 2026More mineral →

Identify your own rocks.

Get a report just like this from any photo, free.

App Store Google Play

Physical properties

Hardness: 7.5-8.0 (Mohs scale), Color: Vivid green to dark green with inclusions, Luster: Vitreous (glass-like), Crystal Structure: Hexagonal, Cleavage: Poor, Specific Gravity: 2.67-2.78

Formation & geological history

Formed in metamorphic or hydrothermal environments where beryllium interacts with chromium or vanadium. Found in schist, limestone, or pegmatites during high-pressure geological events over millions of years.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone for jewelry. Low-quality or non-transparent specimens are highly prized as collector items or for metaphysical purposes.

Geological facts

Emeralds are often more fragile than diamonds due to their 'jardin' (internal garden) of inclusions. The most famous emeralds come from the Muzo mine in Colombia.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its distinct hexagonal crystal habit and vibrant green color that persists even in low light. Commonly found in Colombia, Brazil, and Zambia. Use a loupe to check for characteristic liquid or solid internal inclusions.

Other mineral specimens

See all

Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

Epidote

Epidote | Ca2(Al2,Fe3+)(SiO4)(Si2O7)O(OH)

metamorphic

Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Green Apatite on Albite

Fluorapatite [Ca5(PO4)3F] on Albite [Na(AlSi3O8)]

mineral