Rock Identifier
Chrysocolla on Limonite Matrix (Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla) on FeO(OH)·nH2O (Limonite)) — mineral
mineral

Chrysocolla on Limonite Matrix

Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4·nH2O (Chrysocolla) on FeO(OH)·nH2O (Limonite)

Hardness: 2-4 (Chrysocolla), 4-5.5 (Limonite); Color: Cyan or turquoise blue-green on reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic/Amorphous; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.4

Hardness
2-4 (Chrysocolla), 4-5
Color
Cyan or turquoise blue-green on reddish-brown
Luster
Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties

Hardness: 2-4 (Chrysocolla), 4-5.5 (Limonite); Color: Cyan or turquoise blue-green on reddish-brown; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal Structure: Orthorhombic/Amorphous; Specific Gravity: 2.0-2.4

Formation & geological history

Formed in the oxidation zones of copper ore bodies as a secondary mineral. Often results from the weathering of primary copper sulfides like chalcopyrite. It is found in arid regions.

Uses & applications

Used primarily as minor copper ore, aesthetic collector's specimens, and occasionally in lapidary work for cabochons or inlay (when stabilized with quartz).

Geological facts

Chrysocolla is often confused with turquoise but can be distinguished by its higher water content and lower hardness. It is frequently found associated with other copper minerals like azurite and malachite.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by the vibrant blue-green color contrasting against a rusty brown iron-rich gossan (limonite). Found in major copper mining districts like Arizona, USA; Congo; and Chile.

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