mineral

Citrine Quartz

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2) with iron impurities

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: pale yellow to brownish orange; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: pale yellow to brownish orange
Luster: Vitreous

Identified May 28, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: pale yellow to brownish orange; Luster: Vitreous; Crystal system: Trigonal/Hexagonal; Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous or metamorphic environments where iron impurities are subjected to natural heat from the earth's crust, though much commercial citrine is heat-treated amethyst. Natural citrine occurs in pegmatites and hydrothermal veins.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, pendants) and widely sought after by mineral collectors for its metaphysical associations and aesthetics.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' in the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz which can be identified by a slightly reddish tint. It is often called the 'Success Stone' or 'Merchant's Stone' in folkloric traditions.

Field identification & locations

Look for a glassy luster and a lack of cleavage. In the field, look for hexagonal crystal habits. Common locations include Brazil, Madagascar, Russia, and the USA.

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