mineral

Banded Agate (specifically Carnelian Agate)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 6.5-7.0 (Mohs scale), Color: Orange, brown, and white banded patterns, Luster: Waxy to vitreous, Crystal Structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline/cryptocrystalline quartz), Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture).

Hardness: 6

Identified June 9, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed as a secondary mineral in volcanic rock cavities (vesicles) or sedimentary environments through the deposition of silica from groundwater over long periods, often in Cenozoic era formations.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (cabochons, beads), decorative carvings, and as a popular collector's gemstone due to its unique patterns.

Geological facts

The name Agate comes from the Achates River in Sicily. Carnelian varieties were used in ancient Rome and Egypt for signet rings and seals because hot wax does not stick to it.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by looking for translucent edges, waxy surfaces, and concentric or parallel banding when wet or backlit. Common in gravel pits and beaches worldwide.

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Sandstone (with potential mineral staining/concretions)

Arenite (SiO2 based)

sedimentary

Schist

Metamorphic

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Nephrite Jade

Nephrite

Mineral/Rock

Banded Gneiss (River Rock/Pebble)

Gneiss (specifically a banded variety often found as a river rock)

Metamorphic Rock

Biotite Schist

Biotite-rich Schist [K(Mg,Fe)3AlSi3O10(F,OH)2]

metamorphic