mineral

Citrine

Silicon dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, honey-gold, to brownish-orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Yellow, honey-gold, to brownish-orange
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified May 2, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Yellow, honey-gold, to brownish-orange; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in igneous and metamorphic rocks, specifically in pegmatites or hydrothermal veins. Natural citrine is rare and often forms when amethyst or smoky quartz is subjected to natural heat from the earth.

Uses & applications

Predominantly used as a gemstone in jewelry (rings, pendants, earrings), and highly valued by collectors and practitioners of crystal healing as a 'stone of abundance'.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most 'citrine' on the market is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. You can tell the difference because heat-treated pieces often have a more reddish tint or white opaque bases.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its clarity and yellow-to-orange hue without the banding typical of calcite. It is found in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia. Collectors should look for uniform color and lack of heavy inclusions.