gemstone
Diamond (or Cubic Zirconia simulant)
C (Carbon) or ZrO2 (Zirconium Dioxide)
Hardness: 10 (Diamond) or 8-8.5 (CZ); Color: Colorless/Transparent; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric; High dispersion (fire).
- Hardness
- 10 (Diamond) or 8-8
- Color
- Colorless/Transparent
- Luster
- Adamantine
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Physical properties
Hardness: 10 (Diamond) or 8-8.5 (CZ); Color: Colorless/Transparent; Luster: Adamantine; Crystal Structure: Isometric; High dispersion (fire).
Formation & geological history
Natural diamonds form deep in the Earth's mantle under extreme pressure and heat, brought to surface via kimberlite pipes. CZ is lab-grown through the skull-melt process.
Uses & applications
Primary use in fine jewelry (engagement rings, earrings) and industrial cutting/abrasive tools for natural diamonds.
Geological facts
Natural diamonds are the hardest known natural material on Earth. Cubic zirconia is the most popular diamond simulant since 1976 because it mimics diamond's optical properties.
Field identification & locations
Identify using a thermal conductivity probe (diamond tester). CZ is heavier than diamond and usually shows no natural inclusions under magnification.
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