mineral

Labradorite

(Ca, Na)(Al, Si)4O8 (Calcium Sodium Aluminum Silicate)

Hardness: 6.0–6.5 Mohs; Color: Gray to black with labradorescence (blue, green, gold shifts); Luster: Vitreous to pearly; Crystal structure: Triclinic; Cleavage: Perfect in two directions; Specific Gravity: 2.68–2.72.

Hardness: 6
Luster: Vitreous to pearly

Identified January 25, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Formation & geological history

Formed in mafic igneous rocks such as basalt and gabbro through the crystallization of magma. It is a member of the plagioclase feldspar series. Most specimens date from the Proterozoic eon, approximately 1.2 to 1.4 billion years ago.

Uses & applications

Primarily used as a gemstone in jewelry (cabochons, beads, and carvings) and as an ornamental stone in architecture for countertops or tiles. It is highly valued in the 'metaphysical' collecting market.

Geological facts

First discovered in Labrador, Canada, in 1770. It is famous for 'labradorescence,' an optical effect caused by internal light reflections from submicroscopic layers of exsolution lamellae within the crystal.

Field identification & locations

Identified in the field by its characteristic 'flash' of iridescent color when rotated under light against a dull gray base color. Common locations include Paul's Island (Labrador), Madagascar, Finland (known as Spectrolite), and Russia.

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