mineral

Specular Hematite

Iron Oxide (Fe2O3)

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a sparkling metallic sheen; Luster: Metallic/Specular; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Hardness: 5
Color: Steel-gray to black with a sparkling metallic sheen
Luster: Metallic/Specular

Identified March 11, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 5.5-6.5; Color: Steel-gray to black with a sparkling metallic sheen; Luster: Metallic/Specular; Crystal Structure: Trigonal; Cleavage: None/Indistinct; Specific Gravity: 5.26

Formation & geological history

Formed through hydrothermal processes, sedimentary precipitation (Banded Iron Formations), or contact metamorphism in high-iron environments. Often found in Precambrian aged rock layers.

Uses & applications

Primary ore of iron; used as a pigment (ochre), in heavy media separation, and widely as a decorative stone or 'sculptor's stone' for jewelry and carvings.

Geological facts

The name 'specular' comes from the Latin 'speculum' (mirror), as it was once used as a reflective surface. Despite its dark metallic exterior, it produces a distinctive reddish-brown streak when rubbed on unglazed porcelain.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its 'glittery' appearance and high density (it feels heavy for its size). To confirm in the field, use a streak test; it must leave a rusty-red mark. Commonly found in Michigan (USA), Brazil, and Western Australia.