mineral

Amethyst

Quartz (SiO2 with Iron impurities)

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale
Color: Purple, violet, or lavender
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified June 5, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Purple, violet, or lavender; Luster: Vitreous (glassy); Crystal Structure: Hexagonal (trigonal); Cleavage: Indistinct/Conchoidal fracture; Specific Gravity: 2.65

Formation & geological history

Formed in hydrothermal veins or as linings inside volcanic geodes. The purple color is caused by irradiation of trivalent iron (Fe3+) impurities in the crystal lattice.

Uses & applications

Primarily used in jewelry (faceting, cabochons), ornamental carvings, and as a popular collector's specimen. It is the birthstone for February.

Geological facts

The name comes from the Ancient Greek 'amethystos', meaning 'not intoxicated', due to a belief that the stone protected the wearer from drunkenness.

Field identification & locations

Identify by its characteristic purple color and crystal habit. Commonly found in Brazil, Uruguay, Zambia, and South Korea. Look for hexagonal points and quartz-like fractures in the field.