mineral

Yellow Quartz (Citrine/Iron-Stained Quartz)

Silicon Dioxide (SiO2)

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale). Color: Pale yellow to golden-orange. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale)
Color: Pale yellow to golden-orange
Luster: Vitreous (glassy)

Identified June 23, 2026More mineral →

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Physical properties

Hardness: 7 (Mohs scale). Color: Pale yellow to golden-orange. Luster: Vitreous (glassy). Crystal Structure: Trigonal/Hexagonal. Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture). Specific Gravity: 2.65.

Formation & geological history

Forms primarily in igneous rocks (pegmatites) or metamorphic environments through hydrothermal activity where silica-rich fluids cool. The yellow coloration is often due to iron impurities or natural irradiation.

Uses & applications

Commonly used in jewelry as a semi-precious gemstone, in crystal healing practices, and as decorative stone in landscaping or interior design.

Geological facts

Natural citrine is quite rare; most commercial citrine is actually heat-treated amethyst or smoky quartz. It is known as the 'Success Stone' in various cultures.

Field identification & locations

Identify in the field by its hardness (scratches glass), glass-like luster, and lack of cleavage. Found globally, especially in Brazil, Madagascar, and Russia. Look for translucent to transparent yellow pebbles in stream beds.

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