Amber

Physical Properties

Hardness: 2.0-2.5 on Mohs scale; Color: honey-yellow, brown, or orange; Luster: Resinous; Crystal structure: Amorphous (organic polymer); Cleavage: None; Specific Gravity: 1.05-1.09 (floats in saltwater)

Formation & Geological History

Formed from the fossilization of tree resin from extinct coniferous trees, primarily during the Paleogene or Cretaceous periods (approx. 30-90 million years ago).

Uses & Applications

Used primarily in jewelry (beads, pendants), as a source of amber acid (succinic acid), and in scientific research for preserved biological inclusions (insects/plants).

Geological Facts

Amber is not a true mineral because it is organic and lacks a crystalline structure. It is famous for trapping prehistoric organisms in 'suspended animation' for millions of years.

Field Identification & Locations

Identify in the field by its light weight (warm to the touch) and its ability to float in a saturated salt solution. Primarily found in the Baltic region and the Dominican Republic.

Identified on: 4/13/2026

Mode: Standard