metamorphic
Quartzite with Quartz Veining
Metamorphosed Sandstone (SiO2 with impurities)
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, grey, and white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7
- Hardness
- 7 on Mohs scale
- Color
- Tan, grey, and white
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 7 on Mohs scale; Color: Tan, grey, and white; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Trigonal (microcrystalline); Cleavage: None (conchoidal fracture); Specific gravity: 2.6-2.7
Formation & geological history
Formed through the metamorphism of quartz-rich sandstone under intense heat and pressure, often during mountain-building events. The white bands represent secondary quartz veins filled by hydrothermal fluids.
Uses & applications
Used primarily as crushed stone for road construction, railway ballast, and occasionally as decorative landscaping stone or dimension stone.
Geological facts
Quartzite is so tough that it often outlasts the surrounding rock during erosion, forming prominent ridges and hills. It is harder than steel and will easily scratch glass.
Field identification & locations
Identify by its extreme hardness and granular, sugary texture on fresh surfaces. Common in ancient mountain belts and glacial drift across North America and Europe.
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