metamorphic
Eclogite
Eclogite (Omphacite-Garnet rock)
Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically green (omphacite) with red to pink (garnet) inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Primarily massive or granular; Specific Gravity: 3.2-3.6
- Hardness
- 6
- Luster
- Vitreous to dull
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Physical properties
Hardness: 6.5-7.5 (Mohs scale); Color: Typically green (omphacite) with red to pink (garnet) inclusions; Luster: Vitreous to dull; Crystal structure: Primarily massive or granular; Specific Gravity: 3.2-3.6
Formation & geological history
Formed under extreme high-pressure and high-temperature conditions in the Earth's mantle or deep crust during subduction of oceanic crust. It is often referred to as the 'Christmas tree rock' due to its colors.
Uses & applications
Primarily of interest to geologists and collectors; used to study mantle processes and tectonic plate movements. Sometimes used as a decorative stone or minor gemstone if garnets are high quality.
Geological facts
Eclogite is one of the densest silicate rocks and is rare at the Earth's surface. It can sometimes contain diamonds if formed at sufficient depths. It represents the final stage of subducted basalt.
Field identification & locations
Identify by the distinct association of green pyroxene (omphacite) and red/brown garnet crystals. Commonly found in xenoliths in kimberlite pipes or in high-pressure metamorphic terranes like the Alps or Norway.
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